Miscarriage Prevention: IVIg Therapy

What is IVIg?nurse, the very first time you receive treatment you
Using donor blood that has been washed andwill need to visit your fertility specialist. The first
processed, IVIg is made up of human-derivedinfusion is always done in a clinical setting under
antibodies. These antibodies help to keep yourproper supervision in case you experience a severe
immune system from recognizing an embryo or fetusreaction to the drug.
as foreign and attacking it. More specifically, IVIg aidsIn order to guard against unpleasant side effects,
in minimizing the actions of natural killer (NK) cells.IVIg infusion must be done slowly. This means that
Amplified levels of NK cells can prevent an embryoone session can take several hours to complete.
from implanting as well as interfere with the properHowever, if you seem to be dealing with the
development of the placenta, which in turn preventstreatment well with minimal side effects, it may be
the embryo from developing normally. All of thesepossible to complete treatment sessions sooner. Just
factors can result in a miscarriage.how much IVIg a person should receive can vary as
Precisely how IVIg works is not entirely clear. It isdosage is calculated according to your weight.
thought that the drug may block those antibodiesSide Effects of IVIg Treatment
that cause your body to reject a pregnancy.There are a variety of side effects associated with
However, it is also speculated that IVIg may workIVIg infusions. Typical side effects include:
by soaking up and defusing the harmful antibodies- Fever and chills
that can interfere with a pregnancy.- Nausea
Who is IVIg Intended For?- Back pain
In general, women who have elevated levels of- Headache
natural killer cells resulting in recurrent miscarriages are- Skin irritation at the site of infusion
thought to benefit the most from IVIg treatment.- Occasionally, pain in arm during infusion
Yet, recent research has also shown a connectionJust how severely you will notice these side effects
between increased natural killer cell activity anddepends upon the amount of IVIg you receive and
antiphospholipid antibodies (APA): it appears thatfor how long. Generally, those receiving lower,
those with APA are more likely to have elevated NKshorter dosages report fewer side effects than
cells.those women who receive a three-day dose. In
Typically, women whose miscarriage problems weresome cases, side effects can take a while to appear,
linked with APA were treated exclusively with heparincausing a delayed reaction to occur 24 to 72 hours
and aspirin. Because of the relationship between APAafter treatment. Some women notice that they are
and NK cells, however, more fertility specialists arebetter able to tolerate the IVIg therapy and
testing women affected by APA for NK cells as well.experience fewer side effects as they continue with
If there are elevated levels of NK cells, then thesethe treatment.
women will likely be treated with IVIg instead of theCost and Success
common treatments for APA.IVIg therapy can greatly improve your chances of
IVIG Infusion Therapyhaving a successful pregnancy after recurrent
In general, IVIg therapy should be started from themiscarriage. Some studies have shown a success rate
first month of pregnancy and continue until the 28thas high as 80% with IVIg treatment. However, this
week of pregnancy. However, there is sometype of fertility treatment does come with a hefty
evidence to suggest that administering IVIg infusionsprice tag.
even before pregnancy occurs may be beneficial inDepending on how much IVIg is required for your
preventing miscarriage. IVIg therapy is often donetreatment, each dose could cost as much as $1500.
monthly and doses can be given anywhere from oneThis means that receiving IVIg therapy during your
to three consecutive days.pregnancy could cost in excess of $10,000.
Because IVIg is administered intravenously, toUnfortunately, many insurance companies do not
receive this treatment, an IV catheter will be insertedcover IVIg therapy (although it doesn't hurt to
into a vein in your hand or lower arm. This will allowcontact your insurance provider to double check). As
the IVIg solution to slowly drip into the vein anda result, not every couple will be able to afford this
enter your system. Although IVIg can betreatment.
administered in your home under the supervision of a